{"id":5488,"date":"2011-07-14T20:26:55","date_gmt":"2011-07-15T00:26:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/crashtext.org\/misc\/regional-anesthesia-concepts.htm\/"},"modified":"2012-07-29T16:51:31","modified_gmt":"2012-07-29T20:51:31","slug":"regional-anesthesia-concepts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/crashingpatient.com\/ultrasound\/regional-anesthesia-concepts.htm\/","title":{"rendered":"Regional Anesthesia Concepts"},"content":{"rendered":"
Best tutorials: http:\/\/www.usra.ca\/<\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Strategies<\/strong><\/p>\n The angle at which the needle shaft and US beam intersect (needle-beam angle) greatly affects needle visibility (<\/a>Fig 3). The smooth metallic surface of a standard needle is a specular (mirror-like) reflector of US waves, hence a greater number of echoes will return to the transducer as the needle-beam angle approaches 90\u00b0.36 B.D. Sites, R. Brull, V.W. Chan, B.C. Spence, J. Gallagher, M.L. Beach, V.R. Sites and G.S. Hartman, Artifacts and pitfall errors associated with ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia Part I: Understanding the basic principles of ultrasound physics and machine operations, Reg Anesth Pain Med<\/em> 32<\/strong> (2007), pp. 412\u0096418. Article<\/strong> | \u00a0PDF (1295 K) | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (3)36 As a result, in plane needle tip and shaft visibility is better at larger needle-beam angles;[10], [13], [14], [16] and [17] the optimal angle appears to be >55\u00b0.[10], [16] and [17] Interestingly, out of plane needle tip visibility is better at smaller needle-beam angles (\u226430\u00b0); however, the reason for this is not clear.[17] and [18]<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Fifteen Year Review Article<\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/a><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Array<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[26,16],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nNeedle-beam angle<\/a><\/h5>\n